The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. Table of contents : Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Table of Contents Preface Author Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Characteristics of Steel Electrometallurgy 1.2 Historical Development of Electric Furnace Design 1.3 Development of the Design of Modern Electric Arc Furnaces 1.4 Development of Electric Arc Furnace Practice References Chapter 2 Layout of an Electric Furnace Shop Reference Chapter 3 Construction of Electric Arc Furnaces 3.1 Shape and Dimensions of the Reaction Chamber 3.2 Furnace Shell 3.3 Furnace Refractory Lining 3.3.1 Bottom Refractory Lining 3.3.2 Wall Refractory Lining 3.4 Water-Cooled Wall Design 3.4.1 Water-Cooling Side Panel Systems 3.4.2 Layered Cooling System 3.4.3 Cast Iron and Steel Water-Cooled Blocks with Cast-In Steel Pipes 3.4.4 Tubular Cooling System 3.4.5 Principles of Cooling System Engineering 3.5 Design and Structure of the Roof 3.6 Mechanical Equipment 3.6.1 Electrode Holding Equipment 3.6.2 Furnace Control Cabin References Chapter 4 Electric Equipment of EAFs 4.1 Power Supply System 4.2 Disconnect Switch and Furnace Operating Switch 4.3 Furnace Transformer 4.3.1 The Principles of Alternating Current Transformation 4.3.2 Design of Furnace Transformers 4.4 Secondary Circuit 4.5 Instrument Transformers 4.6 Induction Stirrer 4.7 Optimal Operating Conditions of the EAF Power Supply System 4.7.1 Characteristics of the Electric Arc 4.7.2 Power Controllers for the EAF Power Supply System 4.7.2.1 Thyristor Power Controllers 4.7.2.2 Hydraulic Power Controllers 4.7.3 Optimization of the Power Input 4.8 Impact of Electric Arc Furnace Operation on the Electrical Energy Quality References Chapter 5 Auxiliary Equipment 5.1 Oxy-Fuel Burners 5.2 Manipulator 5.3 Post-Combustion Lances References Chapter 6 Graphite Electrodes 6.1 Production of Electrodes and Their Properties 6.2 Electrode Consumption 6.2.1 Wear of the Electrode Tip 6.2.2 Wear of Side Surface of the Electrode 6.2.3 Other Reasons for Electrode Consumption 6.3 Influence of the Operating Parameters and Steelmaking Conditions on Electrode Consumption References Chapter 7 Environmental Protection Systems 7.1 Protection Against Gases and Dusts 7.2 Gas Capture System 7.3 Modeling of the System of Off-Gas Capture from the Electric Arc Furnace 7.4 Comprehensive Furnace Housing System 7.5 Use of Waste Gas Thermal Energy to Heat Up Scrap References Chapter 8 Charge Materials 8.1 Steel Scrap 8.2 Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) 8.3 Crude Iron 8.4 Ferroalloys and Technical Metals 8.5 Slag-Forming Materials 8.6 Oxidizing and Carburizing Materials References Chapter 9 Steel Production Technique in Arc Furnaces 9.1 Fettling 9.2 Charge Composition Principles 9.3 Charge Loading 9.4 Meltdown Period 9.4.1 Energy-Related Aspects 9.4.2 Oxidation of Metal Bath Components 9.5 Oxidation Period 9.5.1 Carbon Oxidation 9.5.2 Sulfur Removal 9.5.3 Gas Removal 9.6 Refining Period 9.7 Tapping 9.8 Role of Slag 9.8.1 Functions and Properties of Slag during the Steelmaking Process in an Electric Arc Furnace 9.8.2 Slag Foaming Practice References Chapter 10 Mass and Heat Balances 10.1 Mass Balance 10.2 Example of a Mass Balance of an Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking Process 10.3 Heat Balance 10.4 Example of a Heat Balance of an Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking Process References Index Citation previewĮlectric Arc Furnace Steelmaking Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking Miroslaw Karbowniczek First edition published 2022 by CRC Press 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 and by CRC Press 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN © 2022 Miroslaw Karbowniczek CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use.
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